Surveillance of the circulation of arbovirus of medical interest in the region of eastern Senegal

Abstract

A study about the circulation of arboviruses of medical interest in southeastern Senegal was conducted from 1988 to 1991, during and around the periods of transmission. Specific IgM antibodies were detected by ELISA test in human sera, as a sign of a recent infection within 2 to 5 months. The comparison of the serological IgM results from human surveys in different villages, and the isolations of arboviruses from mosquitoes during the same period of time permitted a rapid and global evaluation of the circulation of these viruses. A low level of yellow fever virus activity was detected both in humans and mosquitoes in 1988 to 1990. A dengue 2 epizootic occurred in 1989-1990. Dengue 2 virus was isolated from humans and mosquitoes in 1990. Some dengue 2 outbreak may occur in the upcoming years. A Zika virus epizootic outbreak was observed each year. A human strain was isolated in 1990. The other flaviviruses (West-Nile, Kedougou, Wesselsbron), Chikungunya virus, Rift Valley Fever virus and Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever virus did not seem to present a major public health concern in southeastern Senegal.